Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND)
When to use
Active smoker or vaper (any dose) — screen for dependence to guide 5As intervention + pharmacotherapy.
Alert threshold: 5
Source and citation
Heatherton TF et al. The Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence. Br J Addict 1991;86(9):1119-27 · 1991
Validated version (en-US): Heatherton TF, Kozlowski LT, Frecker RC, Fagerström KO. Br J Addict 1991;86(9):1119-27.
Open in the full websiteDecision support only: it does not replace clinical judgement.